Simply put, IPTV delivers traditional television services to its consumers using the Internet Protocol. It is a substitute for the traditional broadcast methods, a revamp of traditional means of TV broadcasting in that the video content is sent as IP data and received by viewers who use a digital set-top box to decipher that data into a format that is viewable on the television set (Xiao et al., 2007). Until recently, TV programs have been sent via radio waves in the air, satellite broadcasts, and coaxial cables for cable TV. IPTV provides the recent advancements that allow it to be used as a means of creating nonstop two-way connection communication. The comprehensive integration with the Internet, either wired or wireless is a relatively regular property of the bracket that feature that makes use it quickly. As the on-demand culture spreads and model of ubiquitous contents sprouts, this bracket service is a matter of course across the globe. It is evident that the conventionally fixed ones of TV set and receiver will be altered by a link to the information media of transmission (Peoples et al., 2006). The growth IPTV has been augmented by a favorable demographic in that the consumer group having recently entered their fifties and older is characterized by a significant lack of television addicts, indicating a secession of traditional TV customs. The change in yearly incomes and education levels has led to a modification of lifestyle and preference. There has been a marked sudden increase in the consumer tendency to spend less and less on the recording of key events, indicative of one off consumption. This expanding demand for viewer-created contents in other words programs targeting the consumers acting as producers is converged with burgeoning trend whereby the average viewing time is expanding dramatically. Such a consumer change is forcing a continuous and indefinite chain of trends in the domains of viewer watch processes and media technology. These include but are not limited to viewer customization and the narrower choice of access to total array of service-provision and channel space and growth in the volume of media-sensor networks and personal video recorders. Changes in media technologies are mostly processor driven emerging in, for example the use of cluster filming formats.
Television is evolving in accordance with the demands of the people and time. It has shown a gradual change in the working process. The process of TV mechanism is changing from the equipment requirement to transmission process. Various types of new equipment are used to show the program that has the high demand rate in the market. The broadcasting stations are now able to broadcast varieties types of programs with good audio and video quality. Also emerging technologies are developing day by day to meet the newly invented equipment with the broadcasting network to show the program to the audience. An emitting process for television is modified and built up with a new working process. Broadband Internet plays a critical role in providing new types of television content because of its capacity and direct communication mechanism. Internet Protocol TV (IPTV) is one of the new systems that is being provided through the Internet. It allows large varieties of both videos on demand (VOD) and live TV programs. IPTV has grown rapidly over the last few years (Peoples et al., 2006). It will soon feature ubiquitous interactivity and personalization. A list of events that are essential to IPTV to make it a better service are covered.
IPTV, standing for an Internet Protocol TV service, is characterized by transmitting or broadcasting the TV signals though Internet Protocols, instead of the traditional system like cable or satellite TV. In general, TV contents are broadcast through a variety of network systems. In most cases, audio and video TV contents are transmitted over wires or fiber optic networks to the digital set-top box (STB). The transferred signals are then converted into analog RF signals and transmitted to the regarding TV set. The received signals are processed in the TV into the final video and audio content after digital-to-analog conversion. In case of the satellite system, the STB is directly incorporated with the signal receiver so that the receiver can demodulate received satellite radio and pass it to the TV sets. In both cases, the transmitted contents are commonly in analog format (Xiao et al., 2007). With the wide usage of Internet and increased data transfer rate, the contents are transmitted through the broadband Internet using LAN systems and are received or displayed on TV set by using a particular STB box. Some of the TV systems are implemented the Ethernet jack into the TV set so that it is possible to collect the content directly using Ethernet. The displayed TV content signals are in very digital format and many possible data manipulations can be done. IPTV broadcasting is characterized by end-to-end broadcast systems like satellite cable and common broadcast. However, IPTV uses public domain IP network and middle network systems like LAN and many other needed components. Two major elements are added to IPTV system besides broadband internet. These are broadcast switch ripper and set-top box. The switched created a route point between a number of households to the video server and STB. STB is used to pass the program to the TV set and have some other characteristics. Video on demand (VOD) and Live streaming Video on demand, or VOD for short, is one of the aspects featured in IPTV that allows users to watch a program. In VOD, the video streaming server broadcasts the video files when it is requested by the user. Broadcast switch ripper has module to convert the video files into the IP datagram and pass it to the internet. The received audio and video IP datagram broadcast to the client so that, the client has a video or audio content to play it. As VOD programs enable the client to watch the TV content when they need, the play unit in the STB has some capability to manipulate the way how it is watched. Showing ads at very pause time is the typical approach of video server ripper. Another option is the next VOD content advertisement. Live streaming refers to the following the live or particular event. The broadcast switch ripper has the module to pass the live or particular event programs to the internet so that the client can get it on the video server. Most of the VOD programs are stored and cached to the video streaming server. On the other hand, live streaming offers the store and the broadcast store forward system for keep it in the program.
In recent years, Internet Protocol television (IPTV) has become a hot research word in both academia and industry. There have been numerous discussions on this promising television service in various conferences, technical meetings, and seminars. IPTV gives viewers access to streaming multimedia content based on their personal choices. IPTV is a new television service, which uses the public Internet infrastructure, which is becoming popular in several countries, including the United States. This exclusive television is being provided through broadband, including a set-top box and wireless remote control. Consumers step into the world of video on demand (VoD), it is not bound by program scheduling. IPTV is different from traditional television services, because the former provides a new connection quality. This new service is based on the following items: upcoming events, recommendations, shared viewing, and user interaction (Peoples et al., 2006).
IPTV services are delivered using a “Multicast” concept compared with the “Unicast” scheme. Multicast services are, by definition, provided to an unlimited number of viewers, and they include denial of a request if the particular movie is already being viewed. Otherwise, multicast services start providing the content after a small delay, if the viewer is just time-shifted. However, there are no requirements for Multicast services regarding VoD anywhere on-demand and nothing is seen while the content is being buffered. VoD services, on the other hand, use the “Unicast” concept in its delivery. Once the Viewer Selects a movie, that particular movie is delivered using an independent stream from the server to the client. When the Viewer tunes and requests a particular movie, streaming control functions can not only change the channels, but also use the pause, fast forward and rewind functions of that particular movie (Xiao et al., 2007).
What enables the data transfer in Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) is a matter of transmission protocols used. A discussion of the most commonly used methods – RTP, RTSP, and HTTP, among others, seems a natural follow-up. In a nutshell, RTP carries video and audio data, packets to establish data connections and select data flow are conveyed via RTSP, and on-demand services are controllable using HTTP. Besides other aspects, the selection of a protocol impacts the streaming image quality, delay, and synchronization mechanisms. Jitter buffer employed, or the choice of timestamps and sequence numbers, are typical adversely affecting mechanisms. Bandwidth is another focal point, beneficial management techniques, including optimal filtering on edges, end-to-end bandwidth self-managing algorithms, or congestion window-friction, appear in the literature. Furthermore, in the face of convergence and ongoing developments in the core and access networks as well as in the end-user devices, the transmission protocol of a new generation will be worth a discussion. One that efficiently manages packet-transmitted resources, dynamically adapts the transmission speed to the current instantaneous quality of the channel, and considers broadcast or multicast technologies as well. QAction for the stimulation of research initiatives and standardization bodies is provided in the end. In turn, these actions may result in substantial changes or developments in the current technological outlook. Otherwise, the customers of the IPTV services remain a moving target, even though a lot of common features underlie the customer market share. Such readiness on the part of the service providers and the evaluation of methodologies would not secure a high and continuously evolving satisfaction level of this customer target segment. On the other side, developing networks are sensitive to the provision of satisfactory services, unless the measured QoS violations incur penalties (Frnda et al., 2019). More in-depth research of the satisfaction levels, rather than the expected quality criteria, yields a strategic reference point in the negotiation process among the regulator, service provider, and network owner operators (Peoples et al., 2006). That includes the setting of the regulated quality standards, the specification of the monitoring equipment, and the methodology that defines how the monitoring results finally determine the satisfaction levels. The latter play a central role in the determination of the agreement or disagreement of the customers on the level of services provided.
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As an Internet protocol-based system employing closed, proprietary, network-controlled management architectures, IPTV promises extensive control over the flow of video content, with innovative personalization and interactivity features (Peoples et al., 2006). Improved image quality, increased savings capacity, regulatory compliance, and more efficient network management are the features of IPTV that enhance consumer preference. IPTV technologies provide new forms of television, with key implications for the creation of networks and economies. This paper explores these implications, analyzing IPTV from the perspectives of policy, service, and technical architecture.
Backbone and Access, Transport, Service Platforms, Consumer Devices, and Home Networking are the five categories in the technical architecture of IPTV. The highest capacity networks are used to carry the video gateway streams known as the Backbone. The main function of the Video Gateway is to obtain digital video files from the content provider in the required compression formats, encrypt them to ensure that only authorized terminals can decrypt them, and IP encapsulation (Al Mamun Shohag & Bin Motalab, 2011). At the edge of the network, video is distributed on DSL links to subscribers. DSL services have been engineered to reach a long distance, lower the quality of the video, or reduce the available capacity for traditional data and telephony services, coaxial distribution networks not only provide higher bandwidths than DSL but also protect the video service from interference with the Internet and fixed telephone service. Video Gateway routing decisions are typically based on system maintenance policies, traffic classification, subscriber-class tools, and charging policies. Having site capacity goals for traditional QoS classes is an additional source. Mobile IPTV service capacity planning serves goals related to meet cost, network performance, revenue, and customer satisfaction concerns. The planning process has to deal with a growing traffic model, which by itself requires the determination of the network geography and the definition of the QoS requirements. The planning process also involves determining the optimal location of the various network nodes, making the necessary device deployment decisions, as well as deciding how to balance network resources according to service requirements.
IPTV brings the television experience to a new level by adopting the IP protocol. Besides Video-On-Demand services that have emerged to address the issue of missing a favourite programme, the future of television evolves around wider On-Demand services. However, Live TV streaming is still a likely favourite as its availability of real time content and viewer involvement. Therefore, it’s essential to understand how IPTV delivers live content and its impact on conventional TV viewing habits. The transition of TV broadcasting to the IP protocol has led to a new form of TV experience, called the Internet Protocol TV (IPTV). The most significant difference between IPTV and its conventional counterpart is that IPTV is not just a system of TV, but it is a more complex system belonging to the family: Internet Protocol (IP) system. Through it, each TV channel together with other services are broadcasted to the user’s set-top box in digital form. Watching real time broadcasting is one of the oldest entertainment habits of human being, since the first TV service was invented by John Logie Baird back to 1926. The profound tradition of TV viewing continues to live on despite the rapid change that TV watching has passed. Television has shifted from black & white to colour, and now to digital form; from analogue to cable and now to satellite transmission. IPTV seems to be the next step of evolution on television. Over the last few years, a considerable number of European telecommunication operators have invested in IPTV, hoping to collect a share of TV market revenues (Peoples et al., 2006). To put it simply, TV is also broadcasted in the format of data, thus has been unified into the existing wired Internet structure.
By the virtue of the IP protocol, the emergence of IPTV has overturned the conventional pay-TV business model of cable and satellite. Consequently, viewers have a wider choice of programmes to watch, which can be closely analogous to VOD services. The broadcasting seconds of conventional TV programmes were rigidly confined to TV professionals, with VCR as the only way for viewers to record the programs. By contrast, IPTV provides watchers an alternative manner to record the programme they favour. At the core of it, IPTV system is none other than network servers designated to store all the TV programs. The selected TV programmes are encoded into digital format and saved in the servers. Moreover, the broadcasting system was inhibited to be accessed by common viewers with signal decoder. But now, the monopoly of conventional TVs has been broken since the network boundary of the IP protocol has disabled the geographic control of the video signal. Viewers with IP address that subscribed to the network are able to ‘tune’ to specific channels through the multicast technique.
Interactive features are considered in detail, as an analysis of IPTV must necessarily encompass them because they are an essential part of the experience, distinguishing IPTV from traditional linear TV. They enable a considerable degree of viewer autonomy and satisfaction, and make the content considerably more powerful and personal. They are often consisting of the following: viewer control over an assembled linear TV programme, sms chat with the broadcaster, vote on a program, chat publicly with others, sign a petition, find the nearest taxi, address user feedback, get a news digest to the phone/e-mail, get a digest of audience reaction (opinion poll) to the phone/e-mail, using an intelligent engine give the viewer a list of interesting programs/series/films, receive a reminder if a planned TV program or program in general interests him, switch to better quality as broadband connection is available. Finally the Video on Demand feature that has been a synonym for interactive TV is analyzed in more detail. It is also considered with what media professionals themselves expect of interactive services and what role they might play in for example pre-production of services.
Audience interactions with the time-shifted TV are defined as changing their traditional TV viewing habits to a great extent (%47) or keeping a balance between time-shifted TV and the broad/narrowcasted interactive services (%53). The time-shifting of the TV content historically (simultaneously) broadcasted has nothing to do with the internet or pre-recorded run-only-on-demand episodes, and is made by way of a VCR, DVD-R, a personal incorporation of these set of commoditized devices or a set-top box with built-in one of these. It is interesting to note that the likelihood of using the same feature (time-shifting of programs) has no significant variance with age, gender, place, and year of study, revealing any similarity to the results of (Tsekleves et al., 2009) research method. More than one out of four people save every program they receive so they can watch it at a more convenient time or several times. study imposed also that a much greater interest lies fouled within the launcher of a saved file. Finally IPTV users that contact frequently with the broadcaster are more likely to be older than those who do not (M=17.1 with S.D.=2.48 and M=16.2 with S.D.=1.75 respectively including a significant difference). These results are also well-aligned with research, although there is 3 years of chronological gap.
Often, the first delivered function for an IPTV system is being able to watch TV. Most people who think of IPTV will simply think of live TV broadcasts, possibly even categorized by channel listings, program guides, closed captioning, etc. This is fine, and all IPTV systems should provide this functionality; it is actually a basic component of the sub-systems that implement interfaces to users and deliver video and any other content to the users. The second component is the digital video library; this is access to the full amount of digital video that is not scheduled but rather on demand. The earliest systems only supported scheduled, or “broadcast,” video, but quickly came the ability to access the digital library behind what appears (from the viewer’s perspective) to be a TV broadcast (Ali Khattap Al-Omari, 2013). Thus, Video on Demand (VOD) is perhaps the most critical component (or virtue) of an IPTV system, and furthermore, is the reason most of the telcos are looking at IPTV rather than simply broadcast digital cable. In addition to having encoded disks on jukeboxes with enough spindles and network feeds to serve the clients, a few other considerations are required for a VOD system to be effective in terms of revenue generation, network congestion, etc.
Socially and economically, VOD is a game-changer benefiting from convergence. Besides, it can be argued that it also contributes to it. Library models (either individual movie downloading or subscription agreements) were among the niche markets that gained new life with bandwidth and enhancements in digital storage. A vast majority of modern web-users have developed personalized experience from an exceedingly large offering of online content, while more and more investors are trying to commoditize this behavior in a subscription model. It is now the time that VOD-enabled platforms have the potential to do just that in a personalized experience within the comfort of living room TV. As improved platforms ensure more friendly interfaces and restructured user content in genres that they want, IPTV VOD has the opportunity to transport the viewer’s profile in a “time machine” effect, 1-1.5 decade ago, before online consumption boom and induced binge-watching phenomenon, thus transforming television viewing back to the family pastime with common interest and an anticipated shared experience.
The business models of various IP television services can be investigated with the use of mathematical competition models involving both consumers and service providers. IPTV is currently competing with traditional television broadcasting methods, cable television, and various delivery mechanisms of multimedia content over the internet. Some well-known content delivery methods include the use of media servers and peer-to-peer delivery. Therefore, there are numerous business models that can be adopted by the providers of the given services. The differences and similarities between the three main TV content delivery methods (television broadcasting, cable television, and IPTV online streaming) are summarized, and the pricing strategies of consumers and possible extensions to the baseline models are described. OTT approach to discover the impact of QoS and contents popularity on service options is adopted (Frnda et al., 2019).
Pricing strategies determine the price that a consumer is willing to pay for a given amount of consumed goods. There is a wide range of competitive strategies that a given trader can adopt, e.g., discounted sales, negotiable pricing, low-price guarantees, and hidden fees. Empirical research has shown that such strategies can effectively increase companies’ profits in well-defined competitive environments. Therefore, understanding how pricing strategies of consumers can impact their service options is an interesting field of research, especially in an ever-changing, competitive market environment. Application of competition price models is based on a classical hybrid approach, combining analytical simulations and machine learning techniques. This approach allows monitoring the evolution of a diverse marketplace economy over time while controlling varied economic policy conditions. Moreover, the analysis is performed in the direct actors-based scope, meaning it simulates the activity of service providers and consumers while looking at the market structure from their respective perspectives. The computational framework further introduces a layer of uncertainty into the analysis, making it possible to quantify the probability of different business scenarios occurring under specified conditions. Lastly, chosen issues are investigated using an agent-based approach. It allows considering the local interactions of many decisions makers having only imperfect information about the market environment. In this way, the strategic game is modeled, and the effects that different decisions have on the economy are examined (Peoples et al., 2006).
Li Hong, Dish TV (India)-ZTE: The significant milestone in IPTV industry placed in India as a great historical story took place in November 2014: the Indian telecommunication operator, with a worldwide reputation, dish TV, and the top-notch optical communication company, ZTE Corporation, successfully launched a trial IPTV commercial operation in India. ZTE, with rich and extensive international experience in developing high-speed optical network and end-to-end IPTV solutions, plays a significant role in making the commercial operation come true. Bundle offer pricing strategy in the context of IPTV technology service market is investigated.
Subscription-based models are one of the most commonplace revenue sources found in the IPTV landscape. In this model, a consumer typically pays a recurring fee to access a curated selection of content on the service. The emergence of this revenue source has brought about a new, sustainable, and scalable way to run businesses revolving around streaming services (Peoples et al., 2006), as opposed to the initial ad-based or pay-per-view formats. Moreover, streaming-based subscription plans generally offer free trials to prospective users. Following this, being accustomed to the platform and its interface from an early stage tends to increase the service provider’s customer retention. Not only that, subscription platforms often offer exclusive access to content and experiences (Randal Ray, 2014). This encompasses early access to newly released shows, movies, games, or products, as well as bundle packages and ongoing discounts. In the context of television, exclusive sports and news coverage are common examples of how one can monetize content and offer extended deals on live service packages. A platform is likely to have a slew of pricing tiers, bundling options, and packages tailored to meet the countless different demands from potential consumers. For example, a standard television tier on a local service might specifically omit regional sports packages. IPTV services can develop a similarly wide variety of offerings targeted at different demographic groups. Apart from local markets and regional variations, various types of video on-demand content are staples of today’s mobile and online video services. Subscription models are deeply intertwined with the aforementioned content models; the future of both heavily influences what receipts and perks are going to be available. There are different challenges that businesses using the subscription model should anticipate. One is the market reaching saturation with services, the only discerning factor between them becoming the exclusive content contracts signed. Subsequently, paradoxical to the goal of predictable revenue streams, the short-term nature of platform contracts could understandably mean a persistently rotating stream of competition.
IPTV – A New Concept in Viewing Television Programs Providing television program services using Internet Protocol technology is gaining popularity. Internet protocol television (IPTV) incorporates real-time television broadcasts (live TV), video on demand (VoD), and recorded television services. IPTV services are provided over IP-based networks that maintain their own dedicated capacity. IPTV is being deployed in metro Ethernet (fiber-to-the-home) networks, wi-fi/wimax networks, xDSL and cable provider networks. There are content providers that provide multicast TV channels along with video on demand (VoD) services. IPTV services have a client-server model that has three components; user end, provider end, and network distribution. Television broadcasting (TV) has been the most popular entertainment method. There are analog and digital television broadcasting systems that are broadcasted through satellite, terrestrial, and cable. Users should be available at a particular location, time, and reception of their chosen programs. By introducing the concept of video recorders (VCRs) into TVs, users maintain the choice and time of viewing on-demand programs (Xiao et al., 2007). In addition, there are a number of Internet websites that display video programs in real-time and with prerecorded programs. The appearance of personal computers and high-speed internet has opened up a new concept of watching television programs, providing a real-time television broadcast through the Internet.
Regulatory Considerations for IPTV Legal and compliance challenges for providing IPTV services are significant. These services are provided under the distribution of licensing content and advertising commercial agreements. A new regulation or services amendment can facilitate or critically affect a company’s business model. The framework of these rules varies across regions, determining how IPTV services can be delivered and monetized. On the quality of IPTV services, important areas of compliance, including broad and initiative new regulations. This paper provides an overview of the principal regulatory aspects of IPTV services, including content licensing, copyright, consumer protection laws, and the need to provide an analysis of a broad sector that continues, as other obligations require, it is Important companies operate both the legal and commercial sector must be considered to avoid potential litigation. The conclusion is that the new IPTV services have a need for law and compliance that may increase the essential operating environment (Peoples et al., 2006). Remarkably, the net neutrality dispute has broad implications in future revenue scenarios There is a significant recession in public policy regarding equitable and widespread service facilities and access to high-capacity broadband infrastructure. Required spectrum channels can also limit the diverse option market of the company’s diversification Therefore, there is a proposal to modify a number of laws regarding the effect on IPTV markets for all companies including operators and channels.
As an increasing number of viewers switch to internet protocol television (IPTV) from traditional television broadcasting, its advantages can be seen. IPTV, an internet TV service offered by internet service providers (ISPs), stands in the line of broadcasting television programs or transmitting videos by compressing and streaming using the data network. Although electric commerce and search engine based advertisement garner more attention in research and market, as a digital content market, the Internet and its convergence improvement have led to broadcasts to create fusions with television (TV). Unlike cable and satellite broadcasting, which are one-way transmissions with limited channels, IPTV can freely transmit high quality videos to TVs by putting an IP set-top box on a personal computer (PC) and connecting it to broadband internet. When all the digital broadcast channels and the terrestrial broadcasting channels are scanned into the internet network, IPTV is free from scarce frequencies. IPTV has its own unique way of broadcasting in that it transmits digital data on the packet network by converting it into an IP protocol. Any network with an IP can support IPTV. As a broadcasting medium, cable or satellite broadcasting modulates analog or DVB standards and performs unicast broadcasting through coaxial cable or satellite. Since both standards are based on physical bands with MF/HF band or KU mast frequencies, it is difficult to use different mobile and wireless communication technologies. However, on the IPTV network that goes through DSL, WLAN or LAN, it is transmitted as a broadcast service through the multicast device on the network. Also, IPTV has the advantages of cable TV, satellite TV and of broadband internet. It has the flexibility of interactions such as video, trust, stretching screen, volume adjustment, attention and comment because it uses digital video and sound files. In contrast to the TV movie theater type of cable or satellite, the on demand type is employed to release the time and genre of seeing. You can watch movies, dramas, music videos, playback, etc. as you like. In IPTV services, where Applications can be used in 3D, with various views with various look angles, interaction content, and personal broadcasts from the camera in this scenery, the Scenery type programming becomes an issue in terms of business variety and user attractiveness. Whether it is a separate player or a built-in machine with an IP tuner, a TV requires only a set-top box support. With only the IP tuner, the channel is received and the channel is opened. Two-way set-top box (STB) with communication module can participate in viewing rating programs, single broadcast, commercial clicking, etc. _qos model for the IPTV service is proposed. This model includes mathematical constructs that enable the service provider (SP) to gauge the quality of experience (QoE). Service providers and customers can vary the system to maximize network efficiency, resulting in acceptable QoE as rated by the customers. Statistical network measurement is a critical underpinning of the model, determining service performance as transmitted from Head-End. In turn, the service performance is formulated into a meaningful representation grounded in information theory such that QoE can be stated from a probabilistic perspective. Deployment of the QoS-QoE system is feasible and cost-effective from a network operator’s perspective (Frnda et al., 2019). Television over IP (IPTV) represents the broadcasting of television channels over packet networks. The service feasibility and efficiently of the TV broadcast are ensured with a minimal set of QoS support. Television broadcast providers have evolved into multi-homed environments providing IP-based mediums for the transport of TV streams resulting in considerable QoS deployment complexity controlling packet loss and delay across network domains. It is thus of desire to develop minimal comprehensive QoS models and metrics for both stream-based and channel-based TV broadcast (Peoples et al., 2006).
Watching what you want when you want it has never been easier or more empowering than with Internet Protocol Television (IPTV). This cornerstone of the digital home has arrived and will continue to grow. With innovative video compression technologies, the Internet is rapidly becoming the obvious place to broadcast to and receive video content. A new world of communications is opening up for content producers, consumers, advertisers, niche market enthusiasts and general interest groups. This study examines the concepts behind IPTV, how it works and the impact it is likely to have on ensuring viewing and cultural shifts in modern viewing habits (Randal Ray, 2014). IPTV is TV since it is broadcast unto a television. With television network content currently solely relying on fewer than a dozen analogue video broadcasting formats, the rate of format change is likely to slow from what was reportedly the last major geological era. However, the digital video requiring compression demands a continual evolution on all relevant compression, decompression and playback platforms. IPTV is a way to transmit television signals over the Internet, a broadband co-axial or fibre optic cable. A variety of software, hardware and innovations in video compression now make it possible for television signals to be delivered over the Internet and to be received or downloaded to record them and played via an IPTV-capable television set. To facilitate this, a move towards higher speed Internet connections such as ADSL, Fibre-To-The-Home, co-axial cable to the home networks or 4G mobile frequency services, makes the timeliness of comprehensive IPTV distribution more likely. More families have desktop computers in the home, making it feasible to watch IPTV on these computers through a broadband connection. The study aims to offer a clear and comprehensive examination of the concept of IPTV, how it works, and the impact it is likely to have on viewing habits and cultural shifts.
The acceptance of IPTV services has significantly altered consumer behavior regarding the consumption of TV and video content. The growth and widespread availability of broadband internet have given rise to IP-based video streaming services. The rise of digital streaming and IPTV can be seen as the 3rd broadcasting revolution . This disruption in media technology is also changing peoples’ lifestyle and viewing habits. IPTV not only provides access to a diverse range of video and TV content, but it also provides the opportunity to interact with the content and other users. The chapter delves into the changing consumer behavior attributed to the growth of IPTV and digital streaming. It includes an exploration of changing viewer preferences, ongoing trends such as binge watching, new ways of consuming multimedia content via multiple devices, content engagement via social media and user-generated content, and the impact of demographic factors like age and lifestyle on viewing habits. It is essential for content providers, marketing practitioners, or advertisers to understand the changing consumer landscape and be able to adapt it to the emerging media environment. The rise of digital streaming and IPTV has significantly impacted how video content and TV shows are watched. In the past, most would stick to the TV guide and pay regular visits to the TV program at a specific time. The acceptance of time-shift facilities from pay-TV services and later from the widespread availability of VOD services severely affected TV broadcasters and forced content providers to reconsider their content strategy. On-demand services let viewers watch TV shows on their terms, and the availability of full series has fueled the rise of binge watching. By examining case studies of platforms, in combination with survey data, it is underlined that users prefer to watch TV shows on-demand and typically do so in a binge-watching fashion. Additionally, users consume on-demand content on multiple devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, or smart TVs. The rise of smartphones and tablets has provided the opportunity to watch video content anywhere and at any time, which has also given rise to the mixed use of related to media multitasking. The consumption of multimedia content on multiple devices and the use of user-generated platforms is giving rise to new behaviors related to IPRG (“I wonder if I can watch a video and prepare dinner at the same time”). Technology-savvy teens, prevalently using smartphones, have vastly altered their TV viewing habits. The rise of video content on social media platforms is providing competition for traditional TV shows and is challenging the conventional strategy of TV broadcasters. Nonetheless, linear TV still plays a key role in the lifestyle of the older demographic group. Lastly, most people do take into account a TV show rating and the opinion of friends, celebrities, or social media influencers before it is decided what to watch. Nevertheless, recently, there has been a tendency to engage with a TV show because of a direct recommendation from the content platform.
The 21st century has witnessed remarkable changes in media technologies and how people use them. These new technologies offer many opportunities as well as challenges for the media industry. Entertainment providers are striving to survive in a more converged and more competitive environment. One of the innovative changes in the media sector has been the development and adoption of advanced Internet-based TV services, such as IPTV (Peoples et al., 2006). This study examines the concept of IPTV and explores how it could affect present television viewing.
Television has become one of the most popular media tools in society. To better understand the concept of IPTV, this research analyzes traditional TV services as well as those offered by new digital media technologies. Then, it discusses different aspects of IPTV and how it is expected to change the viewers’ experience of TV. IPTV is compared to traditional TV services as well as to cable and satellite. In this research, a number of 15 semi-structured open-ended in depth interviews were conducted. In these TV viewers were asked about their attitudes and behavior in watching TV and their expectations regarding IPTV in the future. The television interview transcripts were qualitatively analyzed in order to reach specific trends and emerging issues in the data.
It was found that there are various challenges ahead for IPTV services to be successful both from technical and operational point of views. This study anticipated from the data of the interviews that the uses of advanced technologies in the delivery of IPTV services and the improvement in the viewing experience would benefit the take-up of these services in the future (Xiao et al., 2007). This study is unique in that it looks at the concept of IPTV from the user viewers’ point of view. Also, this research is interdisciplinary in that it combines the use of social science data collection techniques with analysis methods of the urban and regional planning field.
References:
Xiao, Y., Du, X., & Zhang, J., 2007. Internet protocol television (IPTV): The Killer application for the next-generation internet. [PDF]
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